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Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD) is the name for age and stress-related changes in the fibrous, gel-filled cushions that sit between each pair of vertebrae and help the spine absorb shock. As we age, the discs begin to dry out, making them more susceptible to injury and compression. This is especially true if they’ve been exposed to repetitive, jarring activities or heavy loads over long periods of time. Weakened discs also increase the risk of disc bulges and herniations. 

Symptoms of degenerative disc disease may include stiffness; reduced mobility; deep aching pain at the location of the affected disc; achiness that radiates to other parts of the body; nerve pain that burns, tingles, or causes numbness in the arms, hands, legs, or feet. It may also be symptom free. The intensity of the pain varies and may increase or decrease depending on specific movements or activities and levels of inflammation in the body. 

Degenerative disc disease is most commonly associated with age, though it is also found in young people who place heavy demands on their spine without adequate conditioning and rest. As we age, our discs become drier, thinner, and weaker, and no longer absorb shock as effectively as they once did. This allows uneven wear patterns to develop in response to stress and changes the biomechanics and movements of the spine, putting increased pressure on nearby tissues, including other vertebrae and peripheral nerves. Lifestyle factors such as cigarette smoking, regularly sitting or driving for long periods of time, obesity, an inflammatory diet, and sports that involve jumping and landing repeatedly can speed the deterioration process.  

 Treatment for degenerative disc disease often involves a combination of approaches aimed at alleviating pain, improving function, and slowing further degeneration. Chiropractic care is a common non-surgical option, focusing on spinal manipulation to restore proper alignment, reduce nerve irritation, and promote mobility. Chiropractors may also employ therapies like massage, stretching, and strengthening exercises to support spinal health and improve posture. In addition to chiropractic care, treatment may include physical therapy, medications for pain relief, lifestyle changes such as weight management and exercise, and in more severe cases, surgical intervention. The goal is to manage symptoms, enhance quality of life, and prevent further damage to the spine.